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Author Spotlight: Advancing Research on Candida albicans Biofilm-Associated Prosthetic Joint Infections
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Osteoarticular Mycoses.

Maria N Gamaletsou1, Blandine Rammaert2, Barry Brause3

  • 1Laiko General Hospital of Athens and Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Clinical Microbiology Reviews
|November 30, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Osteoarticular mycoses are serious fungal infections affecting bones and joints. This review offers a comprehensive guide to their diagnosis and treatment, crucial for managing these debilitating conditions.

Keywords:
antifungal therapyaspergillosiscandidiasiscoccidioidomycosiscryptococcosishistoplasmosismucormycosismycosesosteomyelitisphaeohyphomycosis

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Osteoarticular mycoses are chronic, debilitating infections requiring prolonged antifungal therapy and potential surgical intervention.
  • A comprehensive review of these complex infections was lacking, necessitating a definitive treatise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of osteoarticular mycoses, covering their history, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostics, treatment, and outcomes.
  • To consolidate current knowledge on infections caused by various fungi, including Candida, Aspergillus, Mucorales, and endemic mycoses.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and synthesis of existing literature on osteoarticular mycoses.
  • Analysis of etiological agents, including Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., Mucorales, dematiaceous fungi, non-Aspergillus hyaline molds, and endemic fungi.

Main Results:

  • Identified key fungal culprits: Candida, Aspergillus, Mucorales, dematiaceous fungi, non-Aspergillus molds, and endemic fungi (Histoplasma, Blastomyces, Coccidioides).
  • Highlighted differences in dissemination (Candida) and inoculation routes (Aspergillus, molds).
  • Emphasized high sensitivity of synovial fluid cultures for Candida and Aspergillus arthritis and the risk of relapse with inadequate therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Osteoarticular mycoses encompass a diverse range of fungal infections with varying clinical presentations and management strategies.
  • Accurate diagnosis, appropriate antifungal therapy duration, and consideration of host factors are critical for successful outcomes.
  • This review serves as a definitive resource for clinicians managing these challenging infections.