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3D printed PLGA implants: APF DDM vs. FDM.

C Bassand1, L Benabed1, S Charlon2

  • 1Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1008, F-59000 Lille, France.

Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society
|December 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Two 3D printing methods, Arburg Plastic Freeforming Droplet Deposition Modeling (APF DDM) and Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), were compared for creating personalized Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) implants. FDM printing resulted in faster drug release due to higher mesh porosity.

Keywords:
3D printingAPF droplet deposition modelingFused deposition modelingIbuprofenPLGA

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Pharmaceutical Technology
  • Additive Manufacturing

Background:

  • 3D printing holds significant potential for personalized medicine, particularly for custom biodegradable implants.
  • Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a common material for biodegradable implants, but its 3D printing technologies require further investigation.
  • Understanding the impact of different 3D printing techniques on implant structure and drug release is crucial for developing effective personalized therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare Arburg Plastic Freeforming Droplet Deposition Modeling (APF DDM) and Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) for 3D printing mesh-shaped, ibuprofen-loaded PLGA implants.
  • To analyze the structural differences and drug release profiles of implants fabricated using APF DDM and FDM.
  • To evaluate the influence of printing technology on the porosity, swelling behavior, and drug diffusion pathways within PLGA implants.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of ibuprofen-loaded PLGA implants using APF DDM (droplet deposition) and FDM (continuous filament deposition).
  • Comprehensive characterization of implants before and after incubation in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4).
  • Techniques included optical and scanning electron microscopy, Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), drug release studies, and monitoring of mass and pH changes.

Main Results:

  • APF DDM produced implants with curved, thicker filaments and lower mesh porosity, leading to slower, diffusion-controlled ibuprofen release over 2 weeks.
  • FDM generated implants with straight, thinner filaments, resulting in higher mesh porosity and faster convective mass transport of ibuprofen, with most drug released within 4 days.
  • Significant differences in mesh structure and drug release kinetics were observed despite identical device design and material composition, attributed to the distinct deposition mechanisms of each printing method.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of 3D printing technology (APF DDM vs. FDM) significantly impacts the microstructure and drug release performance of PLGA implants.
  • FDM is suitable for rapid drug delivery applications due to its higher porosity and convective transport.
  • APF DDM offers a potential route for sustained drug release applications by creating denser structures with longer diffusion pathways.