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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics BM-PROMA
10:58

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics BM-PROMA

Published on: August 28, 2021

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Deafness and early language deprivation influence arithmetic performances.

Margot Buyle1, Virginie Crollen1

  • 1Psychological Sciences Research Institute (IPSY) and Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|December 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Deaf adults showed slower performance in both subtraction and multiplication tasks compared to hearing individuals. This difference was more significant for multiplication, suggesting language

Keywords:
arithmeticdeafnessmultiplicationsign languagesubtractionverbalvisuospatial

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Linguistics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Deaf individuals often face mathematical challenges compared to hearing peers.
  • The impact of deafness and early language deprivation on specific arithmetic types (verbal vs. visuospatial) remains debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether deafness and language deprivation differentially affect verbal (multiplication) and visuospatial (subtraction) arithmetic.
  • To compare the performance of deaf signers, hearing signers, and hearing controls on arithmetic tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Three groups of 21 adults (deaf signers, hearing signers, hearing controls) participated.
  • Participants performed subtraction and multiplication operations under speed and accuracy conditions.
  • Reaction times and accuracy were recorded for each operation and group.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in accuracy were observed across the three groups for either operation.
  • Deaf participants exhibited slower reaction times for both subtraction and multiplication compared to hearing groups.
  • The performance difference between deaf and hearing groups was more pronounced for multiplication than for subtraction.

Conclusions:

  • Deafness appears to impact the speed of arithmetic processing, particularly for multiplication.
  • Hypotheses include weaker phonological representations for multiplication facts and increased sensitivity to interference in deaf individuals.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the cognitive mechanisms underlying these arithmetic performance differences.