Post-COVID Factor X Deficiency: A Case Report From Pakistan.

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Virology
• Internal Medicine

Background:

• Acquired Factor X deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder, often linked to amyloidosis.
• Fewer than 50 cases are documented, making it exceptionally uncommon.
• Post-infectious complications of COVID-19 typically involve thrombosis, not bleeding.

Observation:

• A 38-year-old man presented with epistaxis and hematuria after a mild COVID-19 infection.
• Coagulation factor analysis revealed Factor X levels at 7% of normal, with other factors being normal.
• These bleeding symptoms emerged post-viral recovery.

Findings:

• The patient's Factor X deficiency resolved spontaneously within two months.
• This suggests a transient, acquired coagulopathy potentially triggered by COVID-19.
• The case contrasts with the more commonly reported thrombotic events following COVID-19.

Implications:

• Highlights post-COVID-19 bleeding complications as a potential clinical concern.
• Suggests monitoring coagulation status in patients experiencing unusual bleeding after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
• Underscores the diverse and sometimes paradoxical effects of viral infections on hemostasis.