Exploring Micromonospora as Phocoenamicins Producers.
Maria Kokkini1, Cristina González Heredia1, Daniel Oves-Costales1
1Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
Marine Drugs
|December 22, 2022
Summary
New research on natural product discovery identified novel spirotetronates from Micromonospora bacteria. Marine-derived strains proved superior producers of these potent antibiotic compounds.
Area of Science:
- Natural Product Discovery
- Microbial Chemistry
- Antibiotic Research
Background:
- The spirotetronate class of natural products has expanded with the discovery of phocoenamicins, actinomycete-derived compounds with antibiotic properties.
- Natural product discovery is being advanced by new technologies and scientific breakthroughs.
- The MEDINA strain collection contains actinomycete strains with potential for producing phocoenamicins.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the production of phocoenamicins and related spirotetronates by Micromonospora strains.
- To identify optimal culture conditions for maximizing phocoenamicin yield.
- To assess the bioactivity of the produced compounds against specific bacterial pathogens.
Main Methods:
- Taxonomic identification of 27 Micromonospora strains using 16S rDNA sequencing.
- Cultivation of strains using an Optimized and Safe Cultivation (OSMAC) approach across 10 different media.
- Analysis of extracts using Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS), metabolomics, and molecular networking (GNPS).
- High-throughput screening (HTS) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Mycobacterium species.
Main Results:
- All 27 strains were identified as belonging to the Micromonospora genus.
- LC-HRMS, metabolomics, and GNPS analyses revealed the production of several previously undisclosed spirotetronates.
- Variations in culture media significantly influenced phocoenamicin production, with specific media and marine-derived strains identified as optimal producers.
- Maklamicin was identified as a compound related to the spirotetronate family for the first time.
Conclusions:
- Marine-derived Micromonospora species are superior producers of phocoenamicins in terms of abundance and structural diversity.
- Culture media composition is a critical factor in optimizing the production of these natural products.
- This study expands the known chemical diversity of spirotetronates and their microbial sources, highlighting potential for new antibiotic development.
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