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The Relationship between COVID-19 Protection Behaviors and Pandemic-Related Knowledge, Perceptions, Worry Content,
Melike Kucukkarapinar1,2, Filiz Karadag1, Irem Budakoglu3
1Faculty of Medicine, Psychiatry Department, Gazi University, Ankara 06560, Turkey.
Vaccines
|December 23, 2022
Summary
Knowledge, risk perception, and public trust significantly influence COVID-19 protective behaviors in Turkey. Younger males showed lower adherence, highlighting the need for targeted health communication strategies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Behavioral Science
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Understanding factors influencing protective behaviors is crucial for managing infectious disease outbreaks.
- The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated widespread adoption of preventive measures like hand hygiene, mask-wearing, and physical distancing.
- Research in Turkey is vital to understand cultural and societal influences on public health adherence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of knowledge, perceptions, and public trust on adherence to COVID-19 protective behaviors among Turkish adults.
- To identify demographic and psychological predictors of nonadherence to recommended public health guidelines.
- To inform the development of effective, culturally relevant health communication strategies.
Main Methods:
- An online survey, the Turkish COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring, collected data from 4210 adult respondents between July 2020 and January 2021.
- Logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the associations between various factors and adherence to protective behaviors.
- Key variables included knowledge, risk perception (cognitive and affective), pandemic worry, public trust, conspiracy thinking, and vaccine willingness.
Main Results:
- 86.2% of respondents reported full adherence to protective behaviors; nonadherence was higher among males and young adults (18-30 years).
- Positive predictors of adherence included perceived self-efficacy, susceptibility, correct knowledge, trust in health professionals, and vaccine willingness.
- Negative predictors of adherence were conspiracy thinking, lower information acquisition, and unexpectedly, trust in the Ministry of Health.
Conclusions:
- Individual knowledge, cognitive risk perception, perceived stress, altruistic worries, and public trust collectively shape protective behaviors.
- Targeted interventions are needed for high-risk groups, specifically males and young adults, to improve adherence.
- Culturally sensitive, transparent, and reliable health communication is essential for enhancing public health compliance during pandemics.
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