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HbA1c and Troponin-I Levels and Their Relationship in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
M S Hossain1, F Sharmin, I Sultana
1Dr Muhammad Shakhawat Hossain, Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry, Mymensingh Medical College (MMC), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; dr.md.shakhawat17@gmail.com.
Insights
Diabetic patients with acute coronary syndrome show higher levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and cardiac Troponin-I. Elevated HbA1c is linked to increased Troponin-I, indicating greater cardiac injury in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) poses a significant public health challenge, particularly for diabetic individuals who face accelerated atherosclerosis and higher mortality risks.
- Elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is recognized as an independent risk factor for ACS in patients with diabetes mellitus.
- Troponin-I serves as a critical biomarker for detecting cardiac muscle injury.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between HbA1c levels and Troponin-I levels in patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome.
- To compare these markers in patients with and without diabetes mellitus.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving ninety-five patients admitted to the cardiology department of the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Dhaka.
- Patients were categorized into two groups: ACS with diabetes mellitus (Group A) and ACS without diabetes mellitus (Group B).
- HbA1c and Troponin-I levels were analyzed and correlated with clinical parameters.
Main Results:
- Group A (ACS with diabetes) exhibited significantly higher mean HbA1c (p=0.001) and Troponin-I levels (p=0.023) compared to Group B (ACS without diabetes).
- A significant positive correlation (r=0.471, p=0.001) was observed between HbA1c and Troponin-I levels within Group A.
- Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were also significantly higher in Group A.
Conclusions:
- The study confirms a significant positive correlation between elevated HbA1c and Troponin-I levels in diabetic patients experiencing acute coronary syndrome.
- These findings underscore the heightened cardiac muscle injury and risk associated with poor glycemic control in ACS patients.
- HbA1c serves as a valuable indicator of cardiac injury severity in diabetic individuals with ACS.
Abstract:
Acute coronary syndrome is a growing public health concern. Diabetic patients are more vulnerable to develop acute coronary syndrome due to accelerated atherosclerosis. Acute coronary syndrome is common in diabetes mellitus and is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in these patients. Troponin-I is a biochemical marker for cardiac muscle injury. Elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is also regarded as an independent risk factor for acute coronary syndrome in patients with diabetes mellitus.The aim of this study was to assess the relationship of HbA1c and Troponin-I level in patients with acute coronary syndrome. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2018 to June 2019. Total study subjects were ninety five of both gender selected from the admitted patients of the cardiology department of the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Dhaka. Diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome was confirmed by cardiologist. Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus was confirmed by Random Blood Glucose (RBG) level. Study subjects were grouped, acute coronary syndrome with diabetes mellitus as Group A and acute coronary syndrome without diabetes mellitus as Group B. Baseline parameters was recorded in data collection sheet. HbA1c, Troponin-I level of all study subjects were analyzed and recorded. Mean age of the study subjects in Group A and Group B were 51.06 years and 51.66 years respectively. Male gender was predominant in both groups. Mean SBP and DBP were significantly higher in Group A than Group B. Mean HbA1c level of the study subjects in Group A was significantly higher than Group B (p=0.001). Mean Troponin-I level in Group A was also significantly higher than Group B (p=0.023). HbA1c and Troponin-I levels were positively correlated in Group A (r=0.471, p=0.001). The present study demonstrated significant positive correlation of HbA1c and Troponin-I level in diabetic patients with acute coronary syndrome.
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