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Related Concept Videos

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

13.9K
In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or...
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Electrowetting-based Digital Microfluidics Platform for Automated Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
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Paper-based multi-well depletion ELISA.

Dohwan Lee1, Norh Asmare1, A Fatih Sarioglu1,2,3

  • 1School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA. sarioglu@gatech.edu.

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|January 4, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel dipstick enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) automates titer measurement for antibodies and biomarkers. This instrument-free assay simplifies complex laboratory processes for wider accessibility.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Immunology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is crucial for detecting molecules in bioassays, including antibody titers.
  • Traditional ELISA requires trained personnel and multiple manual steps in centralized labs.
  • Current methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive, limiting accessibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an automated, instrument-free dipstick ELISA for rapid and accessible titer measurement.
  • To overcome the limitations of conventional, multi-step laboratory-based ELISA procedures.
  • To create a digital readout assay that eliminates the need for external equipment or specialized operators.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a dipstick ELISA incorporating a flow controller for automated reagent delivery and sequential steps.
  • Implemented an immuno-depletion process to measure analyte titer by gradually removing the target from a flowing sample.
  • Applied the technology to quantify severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody titers and troponin I levels.

Main Results:

  • Successfully automated the laborious ELISA workflow into a simple dipstick format.
  • Achieved digital titer reporting without requiring external instruments or trained operators.
  • Demonstrated the assay's versatility by developing tests for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and troponin I.

Conclusions:

  • The novel dipstick ELISA offers a simplified, automated, and accessible method for measuring molecular titers.
  • This technology has the potential to decentralize diagnostic testing, making it more widely available.
  • The assay is adaptable for various biomarkers, including viral antibodies and cardiac markers.