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Related Concept Videos

Blood Flow01:29

Blood Flow

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Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then into increasingly smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. The velocity of blood flow decreases with increased cross-sectional blood vessel area. As blood returns to the heart through venules and veins, its velocity increases. The movement of blood is encouraged by smooth muscle in the vessel walls, the movement of skeletal muscle surrounding the vessels, and one-way valves that prevent backflow.
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Autoregulation of Blood Flow01:17

Autoregulation of Blood Flow

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Autoregulation mechanisms are characterized by their inherent capacity for self-regulation without necessitating specific nervous stimulation or endocrine control. These mechanisms facilitate the adjustment of blood flow and, therefore, perfusion specific to each tissue region. This self-regulation encompasses chemical signals and myogenic controls.
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
Chemical signaling operates at the precapillary sphincter level, inciting either contraction or relaxation....
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Micro-particle Image Velocimetry for Velocity Profile Measurements of Micro Blood Flows
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Biosensing of Haemorheological Properties Using Microblood Flow Manipulation and Quantification.

Yang Jun Kang1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new method to measure blood

Keywords:
RBC aggregationblood flow quantificationblood viscoelasticityblood viscosityhaemorheological property

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Blood's biomechanical properties are crucial for diagnosing hematological disorders.
  • Simultaneously measuring multiple haemorheological properties aids in distinguishing red blood cell (RBC) and plasma contributions.
  • Existing methods may lack precision in isolating individual RBC and plasma effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel method for analyzing blood's biomechanical properties.
  • To simultaneously measure blood viscosity, time constant, and RBC aggregation.
  • To assess the method's efficacy in detecting variations in hematocrit and RBC condition.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed blood flow under a square-wave profile (steady and transient flow).
  • Derived a simplified differential equation from a discrete circuit model to determine the time constant for viscoelasticity.
  • Introduced new parameters, <λ> and dλdβ, to represent the linearly varying time constant.

Main Results:

  • The time constant (λ) showed a linear relationship with the coflowing channel interface (β).
  • Blood viscosity was found to be more effective than the time constant for detecting hematocrit variations.
  • Significant differences in viscosity and time constant were observed for hardened RBCs, demonstrating sensitivity to RBC condition.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method accurately measures blood viscosity, time constant, and RBC aggregation.
  • The method successfully detected continuous hematocrit variations, as seen in RBC sedimentation.
  • This technique offers a consistent approach for monitoring multiple haemorheological properties of blood.