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The Slums in the Mirror of Health: A Systematic Review Analysis from Iran
Azam Raoofi1, Manzar Amirkhani2, Maryam Monjazeb3
1Ph.D. Student of Health Policy, Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background:
One billion worldwide population is living in slum areas that mostly accompanied with high rates of poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, unhealthy situation, and inappropriate health-care services. The prediction of enormous growth of slums by 2030 led to a raise to address the "plight of slums" in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Methods:
To address evidence-based health-related priorities, we conducted a systematic review to summarizing evidences on health situations of slums population in Iran. Six electronic databases were systematically searched for published studies without any restriction on age, sex, and language to assess health situations of slums in Iran reported by following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. All identified articles were screened, quality assessed, and data extracted by two authors independently.
Results:
The finding of this systematic review in addition to overall view categorized in five categories: health system, reproductive health, infectious diseases, noncommunicable diseases and their risk factors, social issues besides overall situation of Slums.
Conclusions:
Community-based participatory interventions with socioeconomic approach on modifiable risk factors; active response of health system; establishment new health care centers in slum areas; augmenting the quality of care; active case finding; and elevating health knowledge, attitude, and practice is crucial to achieve SDG's in Slum area.
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