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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Author Spotlight: Establishment and Confirmation of a Postnatal Right Ventricular Volume Overload Mouse Model
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Chest Shape Influences Ventricular-Arterial Coupling Parameters in Infants with Pectus Excavatum.

Andrea Sonaglioni1, Gian Luigi Nicolosi2, Marta Braga3

  • 1Division of Cardiology, MultiMedica IRCCS, Milan, Italy.

Journal of Cardiovascular Echography
|January 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Pectus excavatum (PE) in infants increases arterial elastance index (EaI) and end-systolic elastance index (EesI) due to chest compression. However, ventricular-arterial coupling (VAC) remains unchanged, indicating no intrinsic cardiac dysfunction in PE infants.

Keywords:
Arterial elastanceend-systolic elastanceinfantsmodified Haller indexpectus excavatumventricular-arterial coupling

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Pectus excavatum (PE) is a congenital chest wall deformity.
  • Modified Haller Index (MHI) noninvasively assesses chest shape severity.
  • Ventricular-arterial coupling (VAC) describes the interaction between the heart and the arterial system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of chest shape (MHI) on VAC parameters in term infants with PE.
  • To determine if PE influences arterial elastance index (EaI) and end-systolic elastance index (EesI).

Main Methods:

  • Prospective analysis of 16 PE infants (MHI > 2.5) and 44 controls (MHI ≤ 2.5).
  • Transthoracic echocardiography and MHI assessment within 3 days of life.
  • Calculation of EaI (end-systolic pressure/stroke volume index) and EesI (end-systolic pressure/left ventricular end-systolic volume index).

Main Results:

  • PE infants had smaller cardiac chambers but similar biventricular function and hemodynamics compared to controls.
  • PE infants showed significantly increased EaI and EesI compared to controls (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively).
  • VAC was similar between groups (P > 0.99), but EaI and EesI correlated linearly with MHI in PE infants.

Conclusions:

  • Chest deformity in PE infants significantly influences EaI and EesI.
  • These changes are attributed to extrinsic cardiac compression, not intrinsic cardiovascular dysfunction.
  • VAC remains preserved despite altered arterial and ventricular load conditions in PE.