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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects
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Abnormal Visual Function: An Under-recognized Risk Factor of Road Traffic Injuries.

Hassan Hashemi1, Payam Nabovati2, Abbasali Yekta3

  • 1Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran.

Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research
|January 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Drivers with visual field defects and reduced contrast sensitivity are more likely to be involved in road accidents. These visual impairments are significant risk factors that necessitate careful consideration in accident prevention and legal assessments.

Keywords:
Road Traffic InjuryVisual FieldCase–Control StudyContrast Sensitivity

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Optometry
  • Traffic Safety

Background:

  • Road accidents represent a significant public health concern globally.
  • Visual functions are critical for safe driving, yet their role in accident causation requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between road accidents and specific visual parameters including visual acuity, refractive errors, visual field, and contrast sensitivity.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based case-control study was conducted in Tehran Province, Iran.
  • Cases included drivers at fault for accidents, and controls were opposing drivers.
  • Comprehensive optometric and ophthalmic examinations were performed on all participants.

Main Results:

  • Visual field defects were significantly more prevalent in drivers involved in accidents (at least one eye: 32.8% vs 23%; both eyes: 16.2% vs 8.3%).
  • Contrast sensitivity was notably poorer in the case group, particularly under non-glare conditions across all spatial frequencies.
  • While contrast sensitivity under glare conditions showed a significant difference only at 12 cycles per degree, the trend indicated impairment in accident-involved drivers.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced contrast sensitivity and visual field defects are identified as significant risk factors contributing to road accidents.
  • These visual impairments underscore the importance of thorough visual function assessments in legal evaluations for drivers.
  • Targeted interventions for individuals with identified visual deficits are recommended to enhance road safety.