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Use of antibiotics in Paediatric Primary Health Care before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

David Pérez Solís1, Constanza Gómez de Oña2, María Luisa Nicieza García3

  • 1Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario San Agustín, Avilés, Spain.

Enfermedades Infecciosas Y Microbiologia Clinica (English Ed.)
|January 9, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Antibiotic use in children in Asturias significantly decreased from 2014 to 2021, with a notable drop during the COVID-19 pandemic. This trend highlights changes in pediatric antimicrobial consumption patterns.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • High antibiotic consumption in Spain, particularly among children, contributes to antimicrobial resistance.
  • Understanding trends in pediatric antibiotic use is crucial for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the evolution of antibiotic consumption in the pediatric population of Asturias, Spain, from 2014 to 2021.
  • To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric antibiotic use.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, observational study using data on systemic antibacterial agents dispensed via official prescriptions.
  • Data collected for children under 14 years in Primary Health Care from 2014 to 2021.
  • Antibiotic consumption measured in Defined Daily Doses (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID).

Main Results:

  • Antibiotic consumption rate decreased from 13.9 DID in 2014 to 4.0 DID in 2021, with an inflection point in 2019.
  • A significant drop of 47.1% in antibiotic use occurred between 2019 and 2020, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Prevalence of antibiotic use fell from 39.9% in 2014 to 17.5% in 2021.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric antibiotic consumption in Asturias dramatically decreased in 2020, aligning with the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Continued monitoring of antimicrobial usage indicators is necessary to determine if these changes persist.
  • The study underscores the significant impact of the pandemic on prescribing behaviors in pediatric primary care.
Abstract

Keywords:
Anti-bacterial agentsAntibacterianosAtención primaria de saludCOVID-19PaediatricsPediatríaPrescription drug monitoring programsPrimary Health CareProgramas de monitoreo de medicamentos recetados

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