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Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Rapid Mix Preparation of Bioinspired Nanoscale Hydroxyapatite for Biomedical Applications
Published on: February 23, 2017
Analysis of reaction products on hydroxyapatite created by tooth etchants with different compositions
Takaaki Sato1, Jirun Sun2, Xiaohong Wang3
1Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University.
Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the reaction products formed by application of three tooth etchants to hydroxyapatite.
Methods:
Tooth etchants with three different compositions, designed for application to teeth before dental adhesive - " K-etchant GEL" (containing phosphoric acid), "Enamel Conditioner" (containing organic acids), and "Multi Etchant" (containing acidic monomer) - were applied to hydroxyapatite plates.
Results:
Atomic force microscopy measurements revealed that Multi Etchant formed nano-sized particles on the hydroxyapatite. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer analyses of the powdered hydroxyapatite indicated that Enamel Conditioner produced calcium tartrate whereas K-etchant GEL generated monetite. These results indicated that each etchant reacted with hydroxyapatite in a different way.
Conclusion:
Not only differences among the etching ability of etchants, but also differences in the reaction compounds they produce may influence bonding performance in clinical practice.
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