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The Association Between Diabetes Duration and Domain-Specific Cognitive Impairment: A Population-Based Study
Xingyao Tang1, Ying Wang2, Rafael Simó3,4
1Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease : JAD
|January 15, 2023
Summary
Longer diabetes duration significantly increases the risk of cognitive impairment, particularly affecting processing speed and attention in older adults. This association is more pronounced in women.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Neurology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus is a recognized risk factor for cognitive decline.
- Prolonged diabetes duration is linked to accelerated aging and functional impairments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between the duration of diabetes and domain-specific cognitive impairment in the elderly population.
- To identify specific cognitive domains affected by longer diabetes duration.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 3,142 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2011-2014).
- Cognitive function assessed using Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), CERAD Word Learning (CERAD-WL), CERAD Delayed Recall (CERAD-DR), and Animal Fluency (AF) tests.
- Statistical adjustments for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and income.
Main Results:
- Diabetes duration exceeding 20 years correlated with significantly higher risks of impairment in DSST (OR=3.32), CERAD-WL (OR=1.72), and AF (OR=1.76).
- These associations were generally stronger in women.
- Earlier diabetes diagnosis (50-59 years) amplified the risk of cognitive impairment per 5-year increase in duration.
Conclusions:
- Extended diabetes duration is associated with an elevated risk of cognitive impairment, particularly affecting processing speed and attention.
- Chronic kidney disease presence also linked to increased DSST impairment risk.
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