Laser-Induced Graphene Arrays-Based Three-Phase Interface Enzyme Electrode for Reliable Bioassays

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Biosensors
• Materials Science

Background:

• Electrochemical oxidase biosensors are vital in healthcare and environmental monitoring.
• Assay accuracy is often limited by low oxygen levels and high anodic detection potentials.
• Existing biosensor designs face challenges with oxygen supply and interference.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a high-performance enzyme electrode overcoming limitations of current biosensor technology.
• To enhance oxidase kinetics and broaden detection ranges for improved accuracy.
• To create a more selective biosensing platform by minimizing interference.

Main Methods:

• Constructed a three-phase interface enzyme electrode using a superhydrophobic laser-induced graphene (LIG) array substrate.
• Sequentially immobilized hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) electrocatalysts and an oxidase layer.
• Utilized a solid-liquid-air interface for enhanced oxygen supply and a cathodic detection principle.

Main Results:

• The three-phase enzyme electrode demonstrated a 21.2-fold improvement in enzymatic reaction rate compared to diphase systems.
• Achieved a 60-times wider linear detection range for biosensing applications.
• The cathodic detection principle effectively minimized interference from oxidizable molecules in biofluids, enhancing selectivity.

Conclusions:

• The developed three-phase enzyme electrode offers a stable and sufficient oxygen supply, boosting oxidase performance.
• This innovative design significantly enhances assay accuracy and selectivity for biosensing.
• Provides a promising and straightforward strategy for constructing advanced bioassay systems.