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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
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Nucleic acid biosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that produces the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. This pathway maintains a balanced nucleotide pool, preventing imbalances that could jeopardize genetic integrity and cellular function. Given the crucial role of nucleotides, their synthesis is tightly regulated to ensure proper cellular homeostasis.Purine BiosynthesisThe biosynthesis of purine nucleotides begins with ribose-5-phosphate, a...
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Biological macromolecules are organic compounds, predominantly composed of carbon atoms. The carbon atoms are covalently bonded with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and other minor elements. There are four major biological macromolecule classes: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
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Towards atom manufacturing with framework nucleic acids.

Xiaoliang Chen1, Bingjie Yan1, Guangbao Yao1

  • 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China.

Nanotechnology
|January 20, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Framework nucleic acids (FNAs) enable atom manufacturing for creating electronic devices with atomic precision. This review highlights FNA

Keywords:
DNADNA nanotechnologyatom manufacturingframework nucleic acidsnanoelectronics

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Chemical Science

Background:

  • Atom manufacturing, fabricating materials with atomic precision, is a rapidly advancing field.
  • Framework nucleic acids (FNAs) are nanoscale structures with unique properties, suitable for precise atomic-level assembly.
  • FNAs offer a promising platform for bottom-up construction of electronic devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the progress and potential of atom manufacturing using Framework Nucleic Acids (FNAs).
  • To explore the application of FNAs in fabricating functional electronic materials and devices with atomic precision.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewing existing literature on FNA construction and properties.
  • Discussing methods for fabricating FNA-templated materials and devices.
  • Classifying fabricated materials based on electrical properties (conducting, insulating, semiconducting).

Main Results:

  • FNAs can be constructed with atomic precision, leveraging the electrical properties of DNA.
  • Various FNA-templated materials and devices have been fabricated, exhibiting diverse electrical characteristics.
  • FNAs play a crucial role in the precise integration of building blocks for functional electronics.

Conclusions:

  • Framework nucleic acids are powerful tools for atom manufacturing, enabling the precise construction of electronic devices.
  • Further research into FNAs presents opportunities for advancing nanoscale fabrication and functional material design.
  • Challenges remain in optimizing FNA-based fabrication processes for widespread application.