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Related Concept Videos

Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry01:16

Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry

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Eccentric axial loading occurs when an axial load is applied away from the centroidal axis of a structural member. This scenario is common in engineering, where structural elements may not be directly aligned due to various design or functional requirements.
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Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load01:23

Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load

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Concrete exhibits specific behaviors under different compressive loads. Understanding this is crucial for understanding its structural integrity. When concrete undergoes uniaxial compression, it tends to develop cracks that run parallel to the direction of the force. These parallel cracks stem from localized tensile stresses that occur perpendicular to the compression direction. Additionally, angled cracks may appear due to the formation of shear planes.
As the concrete specimen fractures under...
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Normal Strain under Axial Loading01:20

Normal Strain under Axial Loading

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Normal strain under axial loading is an important concept in the field of mechanics of materials. Axial loading implies the application of a force along the axis of a material, like a column or bar. This force can either compress or stretch the material. In the context of axial loading, normal strain is the deformation experienced by the material in the direction of the loading force. It's calculated as the change in length divided by the original length of the material. This unitless ratio...
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Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials under Plane Stress01:25

Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials under Plane Stress

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In designing structural elements and machine parts using ductile materials, it is crucial to ensure that these components withstand applied stresses without yielding. Yielding is initially determined through a tensile test, which evaluates the material's response to uniaxial stress. However, tensile stress is insufficient when components face biaxial or plane stress conditions This condition requires advanced criteria to predict failure.
The Maximum Shearing Stress Criterion, also known as...
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Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

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Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 13, 2025

A Novel Method for In Situ Electromechanical Characterization of Nanoscale Specimens
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Cyclic Buckling Characterization of an Individual MWCNT Using Quantitative In Situ TEM Axial Compression.

Raz Samira1, Adam Cohen1, Fernando Patolsky1,2

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Thick multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) show remarkable resilience under repeated axial compression. These flexible nanomaterials maintain structural integrity over 68 cycles, indicating high fatigue resistance for advanced applications.

Keywords:
bucklingcarbon nanotubesdurabilityin situ deformationnanoindentationnanomechanicstransmission electron microscope

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess excellent conductivity and flexibility, making them promising for flexible electronics and nanoelectromechanical systems.
  • Assessing the long-term durability of CNTs is crucial for their practical implementation in demanding applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cyclic loading behavior and fatigue resilience of a thick multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) under axial compression.
  • To determine the elastic limits and structural stability of MWCNTs during repeated mechanical stress.

Main Methods:

  • In situ observation of a 175 nm thick MWCNT undergoing cyclic axial compression using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
  • Real-time TEM video acquisition to capture morphological changes during controlled displacement-induced loading and unloading.
  • Analysis of force-displacement curves to identify buckling instabilities and assess elastic limits.

Main Results:

  • The MWCNT exhibited buckling instabilities at specific points during the loading cycles.
  • Despite minor structural distortions, the MWCNT maintained its overall structure after 68 loading-unloading cycles.
  • Calculated stiffness ranged from 0.15 to 0.28 TPa, consistent with literature values and validating the experimental setup.

Conclusions:

  • In situ TEM testing demonstrates significant fatigue resilience in MWCNTs under cyclic axial compression.
  • The structural integrity and stiffness of MWCNTs correlate with their inherent properties, suggesting potential for tailored applications.
  • These findings support the use of CNTs in applications requiring high durability and mechanical stability.