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Sub-Nanometer Acoustic Vibration Sensing Using a Tapered-Tip Optical Fiber Microcantilever.

Chunyu Lu1, Mahdi Mozdoor Dashtabi1, Hamed Nikbakht1

  • 1LaserLab, Department of Physics and Astronomy, VU University, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

We developed a highly sensitive optical fiber sensor for acoustic vibration detection. This novel sensor utilizes a tapered fiber tip to achieve sub-nanometer displacement detection, outperforming traditional methods.

Keywords:
acoustic vibration sensormicrocantilevertapered-tip fiber

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Sensing Technologies
  • Optical Fiber Sensors
  • Micro-optics

Background:

  • Acoustic vibration sensing is crucial for various applications, including environmental monitoring.
  • Existing sensors often face limitations in sensitivity, cost, or fabrication complexity.
  • Optical fiber sensors offer potential advantages due to their small size, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and remote sensing capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel, highly sensitive acoustic vibration sensor utilizing a tapered-tip optical fiber.
  • To investigate the performance characteristics, including sensitivity and limit of detection, of the proposed sensor.
  • To compare the performance of tapered-tip fiber sensors with non-tapered fiber sensors.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of tapered-tip optical fibers with specific micro-diameters (1.5 µm and 1.8 µm).
  • Utilizing a piezo transducer for acoustic excitation and a multimode readout fiber connected to an electric spectrum analyzer for signal detection.
  • Measuring the output power modulation and analyzing frequency responses in the 10-50 kHz range.

Main Results:

  • Tapered-tip optical fiber sensors exhibited significantly enhanced sensitivity (15.7 V/nm) and a lower limit of detection (0.1 nm) compared to non-tapered fibers (0.12 V/nm and 1.1 nm, respectively).
  • Observed resonance effects in tapered-tip fibers contributed to improved vibration detection.
  • Demonstrated the sensor's capability to detect sub-nanometer displacements.

Conclusions:

  • The developed tapered-tip optical fiber sensor offers high sensitivity, ease of fabrication, and low cost.
  • The sensor's performance makes it a promising candidate for advanced vibration sensing applications.
  • Potential applications include photoacoustic sensing of greenhouse gases and other precision measurement tasks.