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Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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 The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses,...
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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Atherosclerosis IV: Nursing Management01:23

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Nursing management for a patient with arteriosclerosis involves a comprehensive approach focusing on lifestyle modification, disease monitoring, education, and symptomatic care. Here is an overview of effective nursing strategies:Assessment and Monitoring: Initial and ongoing assessments are crucial. Nurses must document the patient's medical history, including any hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and other cardiovascular diseases. Assessments also cover family history and lifestyle...
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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Navigating ALS: An overlooked disease.

Valerie Kiper1, Annette Gary, Rebecca Geist

  • 1Valerie Kiper , Annette Gary , and Rebecca Geist are associate professors at the Texas Tech University Health Science Center (TTUHSC) School of Nursing. Kiper is also the School of Nursing's Regional Dean.

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare neurological disease. This article covers ALS signs, symptoms, diagnosis, and management strategies for patients in the US.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease.
  • Affects motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy.
  • Impacts approximately 20,000 individuals in the United States.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS).
  • To detail the clinical presentation, diagnostic pathways, and management of ALS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current medical literature on ALS.
  • Synthesis of information regarding clinical signs, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • ALS presents with specific neurological signs and symptoms.
  • Diagnosis relies on clinical examination, electrophysiological tests, and exclusion of other conditions.
  • Management focuses on symptom control and supportive care.

Conclusions:

  • Early recognition of ALS signs and symptoms is crucial.
  • Accurate diagnosis facilitates timely initiation of management strategies.
  • Comprehensive care is essential for improving the quality of life for ALS patients.