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Fat enough for the winter? Does nutritional status affect diapause?

Clancy A Short1, Daniel A Hahn1

  • 1Department of Entomology and Nematology, The University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.

Journal of Insect Physiology
|January 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Insect nutrition significantly impacts diapause, a dormant state crucial for survival. Understanding nutritional status, encompassing nutrient perception, intake, and storage, is key to insect seasonal adaptation.

Keywords:
DiapauseDormancyLife historyNutritionNutritional axisNutritional statusOverwinteringPolyphenism

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Area of Science:

  • * Entomology
  • * Insect Physiology
  • * Nutritional Ecology

Background:

  • * Insects enter diapause (dormancy) to survive harsh seasons, drastically reducing feeding.
  • * Diapause incurs significant nutrient costs for metabolism, tissue repair, and development resumption.
  • * The relationship between nutrition and diapause induction, maintenance, and termination remains complex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review existing research on how nutrition affects insect diapause.
  • * To propose a holistic concept of 'nutritional status' for a comprehensive understanding.
  • * To identify specific nutritional factors influencing diapause phenotypes and reconcile conflicting findings.

Main Methods:

  • * Comprehensive literature review of studies investigating nutrition and diapause.
  • * Analysis of experimental findings using the geometric framework of nutrition.
  • * Examination of refeeding experiments to differentiate diapause from quiescence.

Main Results:

  • * Contrasting effects observed: low-quality food induces diapause, while food deprivation averts it during induction.
  • * The geometric framework of nutrition may reconcile these findings by identifying critical dietary components.
  • * Insufficient evidence currently supports nutrient stores regulating diapause length.

Conclusions:

  • * Nutritional status, a broad concept, is critical for understanding diapause regulation.
  • * Further research is needed to investigate the role of nutrient stores in diapause termination.
  • * Proposed mechanisms involve the gut-brain-fat body axis in integrating nutritional status with diapause programs.