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Digital Control of a Superconducting Qubit Using a Josephson Pulse Generator at 3 K.

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Josephson junction pulse generators offer a stable, energy-efficient alternative for controlling superconducting qubits. This study demonstrates their viability at the 3-K stage, achieving qubit performance comparable to traditional electronics without degradation.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum computing hardware
  • Superconducting quantum systems
  • Cryogenic electronics

Background:

  • Scaling fault-tolerant quantum computers requires advanced qubit control and readout electronics.
  • Traditional semiconductor-control electronics (TSCE) face limitations in energy efficiency and stability at cryogenic temperatures.
  • Josephson junctions (JJs) offer potential advantages like low power, small size, and reproducibility for control electronics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of a Josephson pulse generator (JPG) for controlling a transmon qubit at the 3-K stage.
  • To directly compare qubit performance (T1, T2*, Pth) using JJ-based control versus TSCE.
  • To assess the viability of JJ-based electronics for scalable quantum information systems.

Main Methods:

  • Digitally controlled a 0.01-K transmon qubit using pulses from a 3-K Josephson pulse generator (JPG).
  • Directly compared qubit lifetime (T1), coherence time (T2*), and thermal occupation (Pth) against traditional semiconductor-control electronics (TSCE).
  • Utilized randomized benchmarking to determine the average gate error of the JPG.

Main Results:

  • Qubit performance metrics (T1, T2*, Pth) controlled by JPG showed agreement within experimental fluctuations and error margins compared to TSCE.
  • Achieved an average JPG gate error of 2.1 × 10^-2.
  • Demonstrated small device size (< 25 mm²) and low on-chip power dissipation (<< 100 μW) for the JPG.

Conclusions:

  • Josephson pulse generators are a viable alternative to TSCE for controlling superconducting qubits at higher cryogenic stages (3-K).
  • JJ-based control electronics do not degrade qubit coherence or lifetime, addressing previous quasiparticle poisoning concerns.
  • These findings represent a significant step towards integrating JJ-based electronics for highly scaled quantum computing architectures.