Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 11, 2025
06:34
Identification of Rare Bacterial Pathogens by 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing and MALDI-TOF MS
Published on: July 11, 2016
18.4K
Current and Emerging Diagnostic Approaches to Bacterial Diseases of Ruminants
John Dustin Loy1, Michael L Clawson2, Pamela R F Adkins3
1Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice
|February 2, 2023
Summary
New diagnostic tools like PCR and whole-genome sequencing are improving bacterial pathogen detection in cattle. While powerful, their effectiveness varies depending on the sample, pathogen, and assay used.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary microbiology
- Animal diagnostics
Background:
- Conventional bacterial pathogen detection in ruminants, particularly cattle, relies on culture-based methods.
- These traditional techniques are increasingly being augmented or replaced by advanced diagnostic approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current and emerging diagnostic methods for bacterial pathogens in ruminants.
- To highlight the capabilities and limitations of novel diagnostic technologies.
Main Methods:
- Discussion of conventional methods (culture, isolation, characterization).
- Overview of molecular diagnostics: real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), whole-genome sequencing (WGS).
- Inclusion of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for rapid identification.
Main Results:
- Emerging tools offer enhanced pathogen detection and characterization.
- Real-time PCR and WGS provide molecular insights.
- MALDI-TOF MS enables swift identification and detailed analysis.
Conclusions:
- Advanced diagnostics significantly improve the ability to detect and characterize bacterial pathogens.
- The performance and interpretation of these methods are influenced by various factors including sample type, pathogen, disease, and assay specifics.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Methods of Classification and Identification
81
Bacterial identification relies on a diverse array of techniques to classify and understand microorganisms, each tailored to uncover specific characteristics. Traditional morphological approaches, while still valuable, are limited for closely related or structurally simple organisms. Modern methods integrate biochemical, serological, genetic, and advanced molecular tools to achieve greater accuracy.Morphological and Biochemical TechniquesMorphological characteristics, such as cell shape and...
81
01:29Modern Molecular Taxonomy
72
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
72
01:20Applications of Molecular Taxonomy
52
Molecular taxonomy has revolutionized the understanding and classification of bacteria, providing precise insights into their diversity, evolutionary relationships, and ecological roles. By utilizing molecular techniques such as DNA sequencing and fingerprinting, researchers have made significant strides in various fields related to bacterial studies.Resolving Taxonomic AmbiguitiesMolecular taxonomy has been instrumental in distinguishing closely related bacterial species initially thought to...
52
02:57Real Time RT-PCR
57.6K
Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, or Real-time RT-PCR, is an analytical tool used to determine the expression level of target genes. The method involves converting mRNA to complementary DNA with the help of an enzyme known as reverse transcriptase, followed by the PCR amplification of the cDNA. These two processes can be performed simultaneously in a single tube or separately as a two-step reaction.
The real-time quantification of the number of amplified products is...
The real-time quantification of the number of amplified products is...
57.6K
01:28Biological Methods for Microbial Control
159
Biological agents offer an effective means of controlling microbial growth by leveraging natural processes like predation, competition, and the secretion of antimicrobial substances.Predatory bacteria such as Bdellovibrio species target and kill pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli. They are widely used in poultry farms to control infections. Myxococcus species help combat plant-pathogenic fungi. These naturally occurring predators serve as eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides and...
159
01:19MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry
5.0K
Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
5.0K