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Related Concept Videos

Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
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Updated: Aug 11, 2025

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Surface engineering of colloidal nanoparticles.

Xinxin Jing1, Yueyue Zhang1, Min Li1

  • 1Department of Urology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China. zhengjh0471@sina.com.

Materials Horizons
|February 7, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Surface engineering of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) enhances stability and enables precise control. DNA/protein nanotechnology facilitates programmable NP assembly for advanced applications in cellular uptake, imaging, and diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) require precise surface engineering for controlled physicochemical properties.
  • Surface modification enhances NP stability in various solvents, crucial for material fabrication and biological applications.
  • Accurate control over NP surface properties remains a key challenge in nanotechnology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in colloidal NP surface engineering.
  • To highlight strategies for nucleic acid surface encoding and programmable NP assembly.
  • To summarize applications of engineered NPs in cellular uptake, bio-toxicity, imaging, and in vivo diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Grafting small molecules, polymers, and biological macromolecules to enhance NP stability.
  • Utilizing DNA/protein nanotechnology for surface modification and programmable self-assembly.
  • Reviewing literature on NP surface engineering techniques and applications.

Main Results:

  • Surface engineering significantly improves colloidal NP stability and functionality.
  • Nucleic acid surface encoding enables precise control over NP assembly.
  • Engineered NPs show promise in cellular uptake, bio-toxicity assessment, and in vivo imaging and diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Surface engineering is vital for tailoring NP properties for specific applications.
  • DNA/protein nanotechnology offers novel routes for NP functionalization and self-assembly.
  • This review provides insights into the development of engineered NPs for nano-biological research.