Novel Copper Oxide-Integrated Carbon Paste Tirofiban Voltammetric Sensor

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Nanomaterials Science
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Tirofiban (TIR) is a critical antiplatelet drug.
• Sensitive and selective analytical methods are needed for TIR quantification.
• Copper oxide nanoparticles offer unique electrochemical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and electroanalytically characterize novel carbon paste voltammetric sensors for tirofiban (TIR).
• To investigate the electro-oxidation mechanism of TIR using copper oxide nanoparticles.
• To assess the sensor's performance for TIR determination in real-world samples.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of carbon paste electrodes modified with copper oxide nanoparticles.
• Electrochemical characterization using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry.
• Determination of TIR concentration and electrochemical mechanism elucidation.

Main Results:

• The sensor exhibited enhanced TIR oxidation at approximately 1.18 V.
• A linear correlation between peak current and TIR concentration (0.060–7.41 μg mL⁻¹) was established.
• A low limit of detection (LOD) of 20.7 ng mL⁻¹ was achieved.
• The electro-oxidation mechanism involves a single electron and proton transfer.

Conclusions:

• The developed sensor demonstrates high sensitivity and selectivity for TIR detection.
• Successful determination of TIR in Aggrastat infusion and biological samples was achieved.
• The method shows good agreement with UV spectrophotometry, validating its practical applicability.