CHEMOTHERAPY-DRIVEN GUT DYSBIOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE MYELOMA

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Microbiome Research
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• The bortezomib, lenalidomide, dexamethasone (RVD) regimen is a gold-standard treatment for multiple myeloma.
• Chemotherapy, including the RVD regimen, can cause significant enterotoxicity, a serious side effect.
• Currently, there are no widely implemented enteroprotective interventions for chemotherapy-induced gut toxicity.

Approach:

• This literature review systematically analyzed research published between 2015 and 2022.
• Databases searched included Medline, PubMed, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library.
• The review focused on chemotherapy-driven gut dysbiosis via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the potential of the gut microbiome for enteroprotection.

Key Points:

• Chemotherapy can disrupt the gut microbiome, leading to dysbiosis.
• Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a role in mediating the inflammatory response to chemotherapy-induced gut damage.
• The gut microbiome holds potential as a target for preventing or treating chemotherapy enterotoxicity.

Conclusions:

• Further investigation into the diversity and function of the gut microbiome is essential.
• Understanding the gut microbiome's role may lead to novel therapeutic strategies.
• Targeting the gut microbiome could be a promising approach for managing chemotherapy-induced enterotoxicity.