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The mobility effects hypothesis: Methods and applications.

Emma Zang1, Michael E Sobel2, Liying Luo3

  • 1Department of Sociology, Yale University, USA.

Social Science Research
|February 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Social mobility research uses the diagonal mobility model (DMM) to understand how moving between social classes affects life outcomes. The DMM clarifies that mobility effects are often partial associations, not direct causation.

Keywords:
AcculturationCausal inferenceDiagonal mobility modelDiagonal reference modelSocial mobility

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Social Stratification
  • Quantitative Social Science

Background:

  • Hypotheses on social mobility's impact on individual outcomes are varied.
  • Existing methodologies for studying social mobility have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the methodological literature on social mobility.
  • To introduce and discuss the diagonal mobility model (DMM).
  • To propose new methods for estimating mobility effects.

Main Methods:

  • Examination of methodological literature on social mobility.
  • Development and application of the diagonal mobility model (DMM).
  • Proposal of new estimands for mobility effects.

Main Results:

  • The diagonal mobility model (DMM) is a primary tool for analyzing social mobility since the 1980s.
  • Estimated 'mobility effects' are better understood as partial associations.
  • When mobility is unassociated with outcomes, outcomes reflect a weighted average of origin and destination states.

Conclusions:

  • The DMM provides a framework for understanding the relationship between social mobility and outcomes.
  • Generalizations of the DMM can offer future research avenues.
  • Identifying true causal effects of social mobility remains a challenge.