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Related Concept Videos

Levels of Use of a GIS01:29

Levels of Use of a GIS

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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) operate across three levels of application, each representing an increasing degree of complexity: data management, analysis, and prediction. These levels reflect the expanding functionality and versatility of GIS technology in handling spatial data for diverse purposes.Data ManagementAt its foundational level, GIS serves as a tool for data management, enabling the input, storage, retrieval, and organization of spatial data. This level is often employed in...
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Selected Data About Geographic Locations01:25

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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) rely on two core types of data: spatial data and attribute data.Spatial DataSpatial data defines the physical location of features within a coordinate system, typically expressed in terms of latitude and longitude. It provides precise positioning for elements like roads, rivers, or buildings.Attribute DataAttribute data complements spatial data by adding descriptive information about these features. For example, a road's spatial data includes its start and...
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Topography involves measuring and mapping land elevations, natural features, and artificial structures to create accurate representations of the terrain. Topographic surveying relies on traditional and modern methods, each with distinct advantages and limitations.Traditional Surveying Methods:Transit stadia surveys and plane table surveys were widely used traditional surveying methods. These techniques relied on instruments like theodolites and stadia rods for measuring distances and angles,...
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Field Application of Global Positioning System01:28

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become an indispensable tool in fieldwork, offering unparalleled precision and efficiency for surveying, navigation, and infrastructure development. By harnessing signals from a constellation of satellites, GPS receivers determine the location of objects with remarkable speed and accuracy, often completing calculations within a second.Advantages of Modern GPS TechnologyContemporary GPS receivers are designed to meet the practical demands of field...
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Design Example: Alignment of a Road Line Using GIS01:17

Design Example: Alignment of a Road Line Using GIS

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The alignment of a road line using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a critical process in civil engineering, combining advanced technology with practical decision-making. This methodology begins with the collection of geospatial data, including information on land cover, geomorphology, drainage patterns, slope, and contour details. Such data is typically acquired through satellite imagery and GIS tools, offering a comprehensive understanding of the terrain.Once the data is gathered, it...
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Coordinates and Map Projections01:29

Coordinates and Map Projections

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Coordinates and map projections are essential tools in accurately representing the Earth's surface for various applications, ranging from navigation to spatial analysis. The latitude and longitude coordinate system is a universally recognized framework for defining locations. Latitude specifies the distance of a point north or south of the equator, measured in degrees from 0° at the equator to 90° at the poles. Longitude indicates a location's position east or west of the prime meridian,...
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A framework for modern time geography: emphasizing diverse constraints on accessibility.

Somayeh Dodge1, Trisalyn A Nelson1

  • 1Department of Geography, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, USA.

Journal of Geographical Systems
|February 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Modern time geography models offer a flexible framework to understand individual accessibility, incorporating new data and diverse factors for greater inclusion. This research agenda enhances time geography

Keywords:
Big dataGeospatial data representativenessMobility analyticsSocial sensingTime geography

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Area of Science:

  • Geographic Information Science (GIScience)
  • Spatial Analysis
  • Human Geography

Background:

  • Traditional time geography models require updating to reflect new access methods and individual variability.
  • Growing availability of detailed spatial and mobility data presents opportunities for enhanced accessibility research.
  • Increased societal focus on inclusion and equity necessitates more nuanced accessibility models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline a research agenda for modern time geography, enabling flexible representation of time-access relationships.
  • To develop a framework that nuances individual experiences of access based on internal, external, and structural factors.
  • To enhance the representation of inclusion and exclusion in accessibility studies.

Main Methods:

  • Leveraging Hägerstrand's original work and movement GIScience principles.
  • Proposing a framework emphasizing individual experiences of access.
  • Identifying research needs for flexible space-time constraints, definitive and relative variables, and multi-scale analysis.

Main Results:

  • A proposed framework for modern time geography focusing on individual experiences of access.
  • Identification of key research areas including flexible constraints, variable inclusion, and scale linkage.
  • A roadmap to enhance the adaptability of time geography for contemporary accessibility challenges.

Conclusions:

  • Modern time geography can better represent individual experiences and promote inclusion.
  • Addressing proposed research needs will ensure time geography remains a cornerstone of accessibility research.
  • Integrating new data and societal priorities into time geography models is crucial for future geographic research.