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In small-signal analysis, a MOSFET transistor amplifier acts as a linear amplifier when operating in its saturation region. The gate-to-source voltage (VGS) of the MOSFET is the sum of the DC biasing voltage and the small time-varying input signal. This combination sets up the operating point and modulates the drain current (ID) that flows from the drain to the source. When a small AC signal is superimposed on the DC bias voltage at the gate, the instantaneous drain current comprises three...
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In integrated circuit technology, a capacitance multiplier is often utilized to produce a larger capacitance value when a small physical capacitance falls short. This is achieved by a circuit that multiplies capacitance values by a factor of up to 1000, such that a 10-pF capacitor can replicate the performance of a 100-nF capacitor.
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0.5-V Nano-Power Shadow Sinusoidal Oscillator Using Bulk-Driven Multiple-Input Operational Transconductance

Fabian Khateb1,2,3, Montree Kumngern4, Tomasz Kulej5

  • 1Department of Microelectronics, Brno University of Technology, Technická 10, 601 90 Brno, Czech Republic.

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Summary

This study introduces a novel low-frequency shadow sinusoidal oscillator. It achieves ultra-low voltage and nano-power operation using a bulk-driven multiple-input operational transconductance amplifier (MI-OTA).

Keywords:
analog circuitoperational transconductance amplifiershadow filtershadow oscillator

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Area of Science:

  • Electronics
  • Analog Circuit Design
  • Low-Power Integrated Circuits

Background:

  • Operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) are fundamental building blocks in analog circuit design.
  • Achieving ultra-low voltage and low power consumption is critical for modern portable and IoT devices.
  • Sinusoidal oscillators are essential for various signal generation applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel low-frequency shadow sinusoidal oscillator circuit.
  • To demonstrate ultra-low voltage (0.5 V) and nano-power (54 nW) operation.
  • To achieve electronically tunable oscillation conditions and frequency.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a bulk-driven multiple-input operational transconductance amplifier (MI-OTA).
  • Employing a two-input single-output biquad filter configuration.
  • Designing and simulating the circuit using Cadence with 0.18 µm TSMC CMOS technology.

Main Results:

  • Achieved oscillation at an extremely low supply voltage of 0.5 V.
  • Demonstrated ultra-low power consumption of only 54 nW.
  • Obtained a total harmonic distortion (THD) of approximately 0.3% for a 202 Hz output signal.
  • Verified independent electronic control over oscillation condition and frequency.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed bulk-driven MI-OTA based shadow oscillator is suitable for ultra-low voltage and nano-power applications.
  • The circuit offers independent electronic tunability for oscillation parameters.
  • Simulation results validate the theoretical design and performance.