Encapsulation and Stability Testing of Perovskite Solar Cells for Real Life Applications

With the progress in the development of perovskite solar cells, increased efforts have been devoted to enhancing their stability. With more devices being able to survive harsher stability testing conditions, such as damp heat or outdoor testing, there is increased interest in encapsulation techniques suitable for this type of tests, since both device architecture compatible with increased stability and effective encapsulation are necessary for those testing conditions. A variety of encapsulation techniques and materials have been reported to date for devices with different architectures and tested under different conditions. In this Perspective, we will discuss important factors affecting the encapsulation effectiveness and focus on the devices, which have been subjected to outdoor testing or damp heat testing. In addition to encapsulation requirements for these testing conditions, we will also discuss device requirements. Finally, we discuss possible methods for accelerating the testing of encapsulation and device stability and discuss the future outlook and important issues, which need to be addressed for further advancement of the stability of perovskite solar cells.