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Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control
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Upward perturbations trigger a stumbling effect.

Desiderio Cano Porras1, Benedetta Heimler2, Jesse V Jacobs3

  • 1Center of Advanced Technologies in Rehabilitation, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel; Brightlands Institute for Smart Society-BISS, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.

Human Movement Science
|March 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Upward perturbations commonly cause stumbling, a response that significantly alters gait parameters like stride time and center of mass stability. This stumbling effect has potential applications in fall prevention training.

Keywords:
BalancePerturbationPostural controlStumblingVirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human locomotion
  • Perturbation studies

Background:

  • Vertical perturbations are a primary cause of falls.
  • A stumbling response was consistently observed during upward perturbations.
  • This study characterizes the stumbling effect induced by upward perturbations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe and characterize the stumbling effect induced by upward perturbations.
  • To analyze changes in gait parameters following upward perturbations.
  • To explore the potential of the stumbling effect for balance training and research standardization.

Main Methods:

  • Fourteen participants walked on a treadmill integrated with a virtual reality system.
  • Participants experienced 36 perturbations, focusing on upward perturbations.
  • Gait parameters including stride time, center of mass (COM)-to-heel distance, extrapolated COM (xCOM), and margin of stability (MOS) were measured.

Main Results:

  • 75% of upward perturbations induced stumbling.
  • Stumbling significantly decreased stride time and COM-to-heel distance.
  • Margin of stability decreased, while extrapolated COM increased post-perturbation.

Conclusions:

  • Upward perturbations reliably induce a stumbling effect.
  • The stumbling response significantly alters key gait stability measures.
  • This effect may be leveraged for balance training to reduce fall risk and standardize research methods.