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Predictors of Hospital Readmission After Motor Vehicle Crash: Prospective Cohort Study
Érica Assunção Carmo1, Adriana Alves Nery, Jefferson Paixão Cardoso
1Post-Graduate Program in Nursing and Health (Drs Carmo, Nery, Cardoso, Constâncio, and Oliveira), Department of Health I (Dr Ferreira), and Department of Health II (Drs Nery, Oliveira, and Cardoso), State University of Southwest Bahia, Jequié (BA), Brazil; Department of Education, State University of Bahia/UNEB, Guanambi, Bahia, Brazil (Dr Rios); and Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil (Dr Mota).
Background:
Motor vehicle crash (MVC) is a major public health problem worldwide and contributes to a large burden of death, disability, and economic loss.
Objective:
To identify the predictors of hospital readmission in victims of MVC within 1 year after discharge.
Methods:
A prospective cohort study conducted with individuals who suffered MVC admitted to a regional hospital and who were followed up for 12 months after discharge. Predictors of hospital readmission were verified by means of Poisson regression models with robust variance, using a hierarchical conceptual model.
Results:
Of the 241 patients followed up, 200 were contacted and comprised the population of this study. Of these, 50 (25.0%) reported hospital readmission during the 12-month period after discharge. It was evidenced that being male (relative risk [RR] = 0.58; 95% CI [0.36, 0.95], p = .033) was a protective factor, whereas occurrences of greater severity (RR = 1.77; 95% CI [1.03, 3.02], p = .036), not receiving pre-hospital care (RR = 2.14; 95% CI [1.24, 3.69], p = .006), the occurrence of postdischarge infection (RR = 2.14; 95% CI [1.37, 3.36], p = .001), and having access to rehabilitation treatment (RR = 1.64; 95% CI [1.03, 2.62], p≤ .001) are configured as risk factors for hospital readmission in individuals who have suffered these events.
Conclusion:
It was found that gender, trauma severity, pre-hospital care, postdischarge infection, and rehabilitation treatment variables predict hospital readmission in MVC victims within 1 year after discharge.
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