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In situ amplification of spin echoes within a kinetic inductance parametric amplifier
Wyatt Vine1, Mykhailo Savytskyi1, Arjen Vaartjes1
1School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Science Advances
|March 10, 2023
Summary
Researchers developed a new technique for electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, integrating spin ensembles directly with superconducting microwave resonators. This simplifies complex spectrometers and enhances measurement sensitivity under magnetic fields.
Area of Science:
- Quantum sensing
- Spectroscopy
- Condensed matter physics
Background:
- Pulsed electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements have seen sensitivity improvements using superconducting microresonators and Josephson parametric amplifiers.
- Current techniques require separate components for resonators and amplifiers, leading to complex spectrometers and adoption barriers due to magnetic field incompatibilities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To circumvent the limitations of separate resonator and amplifier components in pulsed ESR.
- To develop a technique integrating spin ensembles directly with magnetic field-resilient superconducting microwave resonators for enhanced sensitivity and simplified instrumentation.
Main Methods:
- Coupling an ensemble of spins directly to a weakly nonlinear, magnetic field-resilient superconducting microwave resonator.
- Performing pulsed ESR measurements using a small mode volume (1-pL) with 6 × 107 spins.
- Achieving in situ signal amplification within the integrated device.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated a sensitivity of [Formula: see text] for a Hahn echo sequence at 400 mK, considering only contributing spins.
- Achieved in situ amplification at magnetic fields up to 254 mT.
- Showcased the potential for simplified pulsed ESR spectrometers operating under conventional conditions.
Conclusions:
- The integrated approach simplifies pulsed ESR spectrometers by directly coupling spins to a magnetic field-resilient resonator.
- This technique significantly enhances measurement sensitivity and demonstrates feasibility under conventional ESR operating conditions.
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