Towards Controlling the Local Bone Tissue Remodeling-Multifunctional Injectable Composites for Osteoporosis Treatment

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Drug Delivery Systems
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Oral bisphosphonates like alendronate (ALN) are standard osteoporosis treatments but cause side effects.
• Local drug delivery systems (DDS) are needed to improve ALN efficacy and reduce adverse events.
• Developing multifunctional DDS for simultaneous bone treatment and regeneration is a key challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel multifunctional DDS for localized alendronate delivery.
• To create a system for simultaneous osteoporosis treatment and bone regeneration.
• To evaluate the in vitro performance, bioactivity, and safety of the proposed DDS.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of hydroxyapatite-decorated mesoporous silica particles (MSP-NH2-HAp-ALN).
• Embedding MSP-NH2-HAp-ALN into a collagen/chitosan/chondroitin sulfate hydrogel.
• In vitro assessment of ALN release kinetics, osteoconductivity, cell proliferation, biointegration, and antibacterial activity.

Main Results:

• The DDS demonstrated controlled alendronate release over 20 days, minimizing initial burst release.
• Composites exhibited osteoconductive properties, supporting osteoblast-like cells and inhibiting osteoclast-like cell proliferation.
• In vitro studies confirmed biointegration potential and demonstrated antibacterial activity.

Conclusions:

• The novel hydrogel-based DDS effectively delivers alendronate locally, offering a promising approach for osteoporosis therapy and bone regeneration.
• The system's biomimetic composition and multifunctional properties enhance its therapeutic potential.
• This DDS minimizes systemic side effects associated with oral bisphosphonates.