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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
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Predictive structure building in language comprehension: a large sample study on incremental licensing and

Hiroki Fujita1

  • 1Department of Linguistics, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany. hiroki.fujita@uni-potsdam.de.

Cognitive Processing
|March 17, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The human language parser predicts syntactic structures, regardless of wh-phrase type, challenging previous findings. This suggests a more powerful predictive ability in language processing and structure revision.

Keywords:
Garden-pathIncremental licensingLanguage comprehensionParallelismParsingPrediction

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Computational Linguistics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Online language comprehension involves incremental syntactic structure building by a parser.
  • The predictive capabilities of this parser are a subject of ongoing debate.
  • Previous research suggested limitations in predictive structure building based on wh-phrase parallelism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the predictive nature of syntactic structure building in language comprehension.
  • To address controversy surrounding previous findings on parser predictions.
  • To determine if the parser predicts clausal structures irrespective of wh-phrase type.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a large-scale replication study with 324 participants.
  • Utilized 24 sets of experimental materials.
  • Analyzed processing difficulty and garden-path effects during syntactic disambiguation.

Main Results:

  • The parser consistently predicts clausal structure, regardless of wh-phrase type.
  • Evidence of garden-path effects was observed, confirming predictive processing.
  • The parser demonstrates an ability to revise structures to achieve global grammaticality.

Conclusions:

  • The human language parser exhibits robust predictive capabilities.
  • The parser actively attempts to construct globally grammatical structures.
  • Previous assumptions about the limits of parser prediction require revision.