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Vaccines and cardiovascular outcomes: lessons learned from influenza epidemics

Siva H Yedlapati1, Anuradha Mendu1, Venkat R Tummala2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Erie County Medical Center, 462 Grider Street, Buffalo, NY 14215, USA.

European Heart Journal Supplements : Journal of the European Society of Cardiology
|March 20, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Annual influenza vaccination is crucial for reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks. Despite recommendations, vaccination rates remain low, highlighting a need for increased awareness and uptake among high-risk populations.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading global cause of mortality.
  • Influenza infection poses significant risks for individuals with existing CVD.
  • Current influenza vaccination rates are below World Health Organization targets, particularly in vulnerable groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the importance of influenza vaccination for cardiovascular health.
  • To explore the mechanisms linking influenza infection to cardiovascular events.
  • To summarize evidence on influenza vaccine efficacy in CVD patients and its relevance during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies and clinical guidelines.
  • Analysis of data on influenza vaccination rates and CVD outcomes.
  • Examination of the physiological pathways affected by influenza infection in the cardiovascular system.

Main Results:

  • Evidence indicates influenza vaccination reduces CVD morbidity and mortality.
  • Influenza can precipitate acute cardiovascular events through various mechanisms.
  • The benefits of influenza vaccination are amplified in individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Influenza vaccination is a vital preventive measure for reducing cardiovascular risk.
  • Increased vaccination uptake is essential to meet public health goals for CVD prevention.
  • Influenza vaccination offers continued benefits, especially in the context of concurrent respiratory pandemics like COVID-19.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseaseInfluenza vaccinePrevention

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