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Factors Associated with Medication Adherence in Elderly Individuals with Tuberculosis: A Qualitative Study
Somayeh Hassani1, Farahnaz Mohammadi Shahboulagi2, Mahshid Foroughan1
1Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Tehran, Iran.
Summary
Medication adherence in elderly tuberculosis patients is complex, influenced by individual, interpersonal, healthcare, and societal factors. Understanding these elements is crucial for developing effective interventions to improve treatment outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Gerontology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, particularly affecting elderly populations.
- Medication adherence is critical for successful TB treatment and preventing drug resistance.
- Limited understanding exists regarding the multifaceted factors influencing medication adherence in elderly TB patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively explore and identify factors affecting medication adherence in elderly tuberculosis patients.
- To provide insights for developing targeted interventions to improve adherence rates in this vulnerable demographic.
Main Methods:
- A qualitative, two-phase study combining an integrative literature review of 38 studies with 20 individual interviews.
- Data sources included major scientific databases and national repositories.
- Analysis employed conventional and directed content analysis based on an ecological approach.
Main Results:
- Four main categories of factors influencing adherence were identified: individual (biological, affective, behavioral, cognitive, TB-related, economic), interpersonal (patient-provider, family), healthcare service provider (facilities, capacity), and extraorganizational (social, policy).
- Medication adherence in this population is a complex, multidimensional issue.
- Specific sub-factors within each category significantly impact adherence.
Conclusions:
- Effective interventions require a holistic approach addressing individual, social, and systemic factors.
- Policymakers, healthcare providers, and society must collaborate to improve medication adherence in elderly TB patients.
- Further research and targeted strategies are needed to optimize TB management in older adults.
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