Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

6.2K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
6.2K
Vision01:24

Vision

54.0K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
54.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Hypofractionated Proton Reirradiation for Recurrent Glioblastoma: Clinical and Dosimetric Outcomes from a Large Single Institution Series.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics·2026
Same author

Validation and Development of Claims-Based Algorithms for Identifying Thyroid Eye Disease Using the IRIS Registry-Komodo Linked Database.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Personalized machine learning-guided radiation dose escalation in newly diagnosed glioblastoma: prospective pilot study.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Quantification of Vascular Burden on Cranial Vessel Wall Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Ophthalmic Complications in Giant Cell Arteritis.

ACR open rheumatology·2026
Same author

A phase 2 study of niraparib concomitant with tumor treating fields in patients with recurrent grade 4 glioma.

Neuro-oncology advances·2026
Same author

Clinical, molecular, and immunologic determinants of survival in WHO-defined IDH-wildtype glioblastoma treated with radiotherapy: a large real-world cohort study.

Journal of neuro-oncology·2026
Same journal

Understanding Acute Encephalopathy.

Neuroimaging clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Imaging of Acute Encephalopathies.

Neuroimaging clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Pediatric Encephalopathy: Inflammatory and Autoimmune Etiologies.

Neuroimaging clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Pediatric Encephalopathy: Inherited Metabolic Disorders.

Neuroimaging clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Post-Treatment Causes of Encephalopathy.

Neuroimaging clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Acute Toxic Leukoencephalopathy: Opioid and other Illicit or Abused Drugs and Environmental Toxins.

Neuroimaging clinics of North America·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management
12:54

Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management

Published on: May 5, 2015

17.5K

Traumatic Brain Injury and Vision.

Mary D Maher1, Mohit Agarwal2, Madhura A Tamhankar3

  • 1Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Neuroimaging Clinics of North America
|March 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can damage visual pathways, causing vision loss and eye movement problems. These injuries, affecting both afferent and efferent systems, lead to significant visual disability.

Keywords:
Afferent pathwayCranial nerveEfferent pathwayVisual pathways

More Related Videos

Intravital Imaging of Fluorescent Protein Expression in Mice with a Closed-Skull Traumatic Brain Injury and Cranial Window Using a Two-Photon Microscope
08:25

Intravital Imaging of Fluorescent Protein Expression in Mice with a Closed-Skull Traumatic Brain Injury and Cranial Window Using a Two-Photon Microscope

Published on: April 21, 2023

1.2K
Author Spotlight: Developing Precise and Clinically Relevant Models for Studying Secondary Degeneration in Traumatic Optic Neuropathy
04:02

Author Spotlight: Developing Precise and Clinically Relevant Models for Studying Secondary Degeneration in Traumatic Optic Neuropathy

Published on: November 29, 2024

1.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management
12:54

Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management

Published on: May 5, 2015

17.5K
Intravital Imaging of Fluorescent Protein Expression in Mice with a Closed-Skull Traumatic Brain Injury and Cranial Window Using a Two-Photon Microscope
08:25

Intravital Imaging of Fluorescent Protein Expression in Mice with a Closed-Skull Traumatic Brain Injury and Cranial Window Using a Two-Photon Microscope

Published on: April 21, 2023

1.2K
Author Spotlight: Developing Precise and Clinically Relevant Models for Studying Secondary Degeneration in Traumatic Optic Neuropathy
04:02

Author Spotlight: Developing Precise and Clinically Relevant Models for Studying Secondary Degeneration in Traumatic Optic Neuropathy

Published on: November 29, 2024

1.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Trauma Surgery

Background:

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently impacts neurological function.
  • The visual system, comprising afferent and efferent pathways, is particularly vulnerable to TBI.
  • Disruption of these pathways can lead to diverse visual impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the effects of TBI on the afferent and efferent visual pathways.
  • To categorize the resulting visual deficits and their impact on patient function.
  • To highlight the significance of visual pathway integrity following TBI.

Main Methods:

  • Review of neuroanatomical literature concerning visual pathways.
  • Analysis of clinical case studies detailing visual deficits post-TBI.
  • Correlation of injury location with specific visual field and eye movement abnormalities.

Main Results:

  • Afferent pathway injuries result in vision loss, visual field deficits, and photophobia.
  • Efferent pathway injuries predominantly cause ocular misalignment and diplopia (double vision).
  • Combined afferent and efferent pathway damage leads to severe visual disability.

Conclusions:

  • TBI significantly disrupts both sensory input (afferent) and motor output (efferent) visual systems.
  • Understanding these pathway-specific deficits is crucial for diagnosing and managing visual impairments after TBI.
  • Addressing visual pathway damage is essential for mitigating overall disability in TBI patients.