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Functional Limitations in Individuals With Long COVID.

Barbara Mazer¹, Debbie Ehrmann Feldman²

¹School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation (CRIR), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

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Summary

Hospitalization for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) leads to significant long-term functional deficits. Many months after infection, patients experience fatigue, reduced mobility, and decreased participation in daily activities, impacting overall health status.

Keywords:

Functional limitation Health status Long COVID Rehabilitation

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Area of Science:

Medical Rehabilitation
Infectious Diseases
Public Health

Background:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalization can lead to prolonged health issues.
Understanding long-term functional deficits is crucial for patient recovery and support.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the extent of long-term functional deficits in individuals hospitalized with COVID-19.
To describe changes in health, mobility, daily activities, and employment post-COVID-19 hospitalization.
To identify factors associated with functional changes after COVID-19 infection.

Main Methods:

A population-based study involving 121 adult residents of Laval, Quebec, discharged home after COVID-19 hospitalization.
Telephone survey conducted at least 2 months post-infection using the COVID-19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Screen.
Analysis included prevalence of functional changes and associated factors via bivariate and multivariable logistic regression.

Main Results:

Over 90% of participants reported increased fatigue and deterioration in global health status at least 3 months post-infection.
A majority experienced shortness of breath, pain, and anxiety, with significant reductions in self-reported good health, mobility, personal care, and daily activities.
Employment status also declined, and time since diagnosis correlated with improvements in global health, mobility, and daily activity participation.

Conclusions:

Hospitalization for COVID-19 results in persistent symptoms affecting daily functioning for many months.
There is a significant impact on overall health status, mobility, and daily life activities.
Further understanding of these long-term effects is essential for providing necessary services to affected individuals.