Sternal Reconstruction Using 3D-Printed Titanium Custom-Made Prosthesis for Sternal Dehiscence After Cardiac Surgery

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Thoracic Surgery
• Materials Science

Background:

• Sternal dehiscence is a significant complication after cardiac surgery, increasing patient mortality and morbidity.
• Traditional chest wall reconstruction methods, such as titanium plates, have limitations in achieving optimal patient outcomes.
• Advancements in 3D printing technology offer new possibilities for personalized medical implants.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a case of complex anterior chest wall reconstruction using a custom-made 3D-printed titanium implant.
• To evaluate the efficacy of 3D-printed titanium prostheses in managing sternal dehiscence post-coronary artery bypass surgery.
• To highlight the potential of 3D printing in overcoming limitations of conventional sternal reconstruction techniques.

Main Methods:

• A patient with sternal dehiscence after coronary artery bypass surgery underwent chest wall reconstruction.
• Initial reconstruction attempts using conventional methods proved inadequate.
• A custom-made, 3D-printed titanium prosthesis was designed and implanted for definitive reconstruction.

Main Results:

• The custom-made 3D-printed titanium implant achieved a near-perfect fit to the patient's chest wall.
• Short- and mid-term follow-up demonstrated good functional recovery.
• The 3D-printed implant provided satisfactory functional and cosmetic results.

Conclusions:

• Custom-made 3D-printed titanium prostheses are a viable and effective solution for sternal reconstruction in cases of post-cardiac surgery complications.
• This innovative approach is particularly beneficial when conventional methods yield unsatisfactory results.
• 3D printing technology represents a significant advancement in personalized reconstructive surgery for sternal defects.