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Related Concept Videos

Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

13.4K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
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Gene Regulation During Sporulation01:17

Gene Regulation During Sporulation

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Sporulation is a complex developmental process that allows certain Gram-positive bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium species, to survive extreme environmental conditions. This process is tightly regulated by a series of signaling cascades and transcriptional controls, ensuring the formation of a highly resistant endospore.Sporulation is triggered by unfavorable conditions, such as nutrient depletion, and is governed by a phosphorelay system. One of the sensor kinases, such as...
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Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
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Updated: Aug 4, 2025

Isolation of Histone from Sorghum Leaf Tissue for Top Down Mass Spectrometry Profiling of Potential Epigenetic Markers
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Global Decrease in H3K9 Acetylation in Sorghum Seed Postgermination Stages.

Hanlin Zhou1, Zhu Yuan1, Sifang Han1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/Biotechnology Research Center, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 443002 Yichang, China.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|March 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Histone modification acetylated histone H3 at lysine residue 9 (H3K9ac) is crucial for sorghum seed germination and seedling establishment. Repressing H3K9ac is vital for sorghum postgermination success.

Keywords:
H3K9 acetylomeHDACSorghum bicolormetabolismseed postgerminationtranscriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Sorghum seed germination improves nutritional value for food processing.
  • Characterization of histone modifications like acetylated histone H3 at lysine 9 (H3K9ac) during sorghum postgermination is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of H3K9ac in sorghum seed germination and early seedling development.
  • To understand the genomic and transcriptomic changes associated with H3K9ac during postgermination.

Main Methods:

  • Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) to map H3K9ac enrichment.
  • Transcriptome analysis to assess gene expression changes.
  • Treatment with a histone deacetylase inhibitor (trichostatin A - TSA) to study H3K9ac repression effects.

Main Results:

  • Over 10,000 genes gained H3K9ac marks during postgermination, with elevated histone deacetylase (HDAC) gene expression.
  • HDAC inhibition via TSA caused sorghum seed growth arrest, indicating H3K9ac repression is critical.
  • H3K9ac enrichment was observed at genes involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, including lignin and flavonoid pathways.

Conclusions:

  • H3K9ac plays a significant role in sorghum seed germination and the transition to autotrophic seedling establishment.
  • The dynamic regulation of H3K9ac is essential for successful sorghum postgermination and development.