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Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
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Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.
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Moiré photonics and optoelectronics.

Luojun Du1,2,3, Maciej R Molas4, Zhiheng Huang2,3

  • 1QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Tietotie 3, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland.

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Moiré superlattices unlock novel quantum physics and device applications. This review highlights advancements in moiré photonics and optoelectronics, including excitons and terahertz detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Materials Science
  • Photonics and Optoelectronics

Background:

  • Moiré superlattices are artificial quantum materials enabling novel physics.
  • These systems offer unique platforms for exploring exotic electronic and optical phenomena.
  • Recent advancements have spurred significant interest in their photonic and optoelectronic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent progress in emerging moiré photonics and optoelectronics.
  • To highlight key phenomena such as moiré excitons, polaritons, and infrared photoresponses.
  • To discuss future research directions and technological potential.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent experimental and theoretical studies on moiré superlattices.
  • Focus on phenomena including excitons, polaritons, and collective excitations.
  • Analysis of optoelectronic applications like terahertz detection and symmetry-breaking devices.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of novel moiré excitons, trions, and polaritons.
  • Observation of resonantly hybridized excitons and reconstructed collective excitations.
  • Development of strong mid- and far-infrared photoresponses and terahertz single-photon detectors.
  • Exploration of symmetry-breaking optoelectronics in moiré systems.

Conclusions:

  • Moiré photonics and optoelectronics represent a rapidly advancing field with vast potential.
  • Future research should focus on advanced probing techniques and novel moiré systems (ferroelectric, magnetic).
  • Engineering moiré properties using external stimuli promises exciting physics and technological innovations.