Atypical Event Profiling of Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Pediatric Oncology
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in children.
• Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) has emerged as a vital treatment modality for retinoblastoma, offering localized drug delivery.
• While effective, IAC can be associated with potential complications that require careful management and monitoring.

Observation:

• This report details three distinct cases of atypical events occurring after IAC for retinoblastoma.
• Case 1: A patient experienced acute orbital swelling and proptosis.
• Case 2: Another patient suffered extravasation of the chemotherapeutic agent.
• Case 3: The third patient developed total ipsilateral hearing loss.

Findings:

• These cases highlight the spectrum of rare, yet significant, adverse events associated with IAC in retinoblastoma.
• The observed complications underscore the need for vigilant surveillance and prompt intervention.
• Atypical events can manifest in various ways, affecting ocular, vascular, and auditory systems.

Implications:

• The findings emphasize the critical importance of meticulous patient follow-up after IAC for retinoblastoma.
• Ophthalmologists and oncologists must be aware of these potential complications to ensure optimal patient outcomes.
• Further research into risk mitigation strategies for IAC in retinoblastoma is warranted.