Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

4.8K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
4.8K
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

2.9K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
2.9K
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

573
Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
573
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

4.1K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
4.1K
Minerals01:26

Minerals

372
Minerals are essential nutrients that the human body needs in small amounts to work properly. They play a vital role in many bodily functions, such as building strong bones and transmitting nerve impulses. Some minerals are needed for hormone production or to maintain a normal heartbeat. Major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium, while trace minerals include iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium.
 
Major...
372
Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

51
Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
51

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Homocysteine and thyroid diseases.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2025
Same author

Association of creatinine level with neurodegenerative disorders: a prospective cohort study and Mendelian randomization analysis.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·2025
Same author

Valorization of tea (Camellia sinensis) waste: Extraction of bioactive compounds using ionic liquids and evaluation of their stability, efficiency, and volatile profiles during the process.

Food chemistry·2025
Same author

Metagenomic analysis reveals Bacillus cereus OTU8977 as a potential probiotic in promoting walnut growth.

BMC plant biology·2025
Same author

GBA1 Haplotypes and Age at Onset of Parkinson's Disease in the Asian Population.

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society·2025
Same author

Validation of Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS)-Identified Risk Loci for Parkinson's Disease in the Chinese Population.

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society·2025
Same journal

Editorial: Association of diabetes mellitus with cognitive impairment and neurological disorders, volume II.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same journal

Free water-mediated associations among choroid plexus enlargement, white matter lesions, and cognitive performance in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same journal

Development and validation of a uric acid-inflammation-metabolism score for predicting osteoarthritis risk: evidence from NHANES 2007-2018 and an external Chinese cohort.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same journal

Sinonasal and skull base phosphaturic mesenchymal tumours: a case series and narrative review.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same journal

The double-edged sword effect of estrogen in kidney disease and its precision modulation.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same journal

Cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and glucose index as a cardiometabolic marker associated with heart rate variability and 1-year cardiovascular rehospitalization in chronic coronary syndromes with comorbid anxiety: a retrospective cohort study.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 3, 2025

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

1.7K

Selenium and thyroid diseases.

Fei Wang1,2, Chunyu Li1,2, Shaoxin Li1,2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|April 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Selenium is a vital micronutrient for thyroid health, playing a role in hormone metabolism and cellular balance. Studies suggest selenium supplementation may benefit thyroid conditions like Graves

Keywords:
iodineoxidative stressseleniumselenoproteinthyroid disease

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
04:14

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

Published on: October 6, 2023

911
Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse
04:05

Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse

Published on: October 6, 2023

461

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 3, 2025

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

1.7K
Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
04:14

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

Published on: October 6, 2023

911
Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse
04:05

Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse

Published on: October 6, 2023

461

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Selenium is an essential trace element crucial for synthesizing selenoproteins, vital for cellular functions.
  • The thyroid gland has the highest concentration of selenium, where selenoproteins regulate hormone metabolism and redox balance.
  • Low selenium levels are linked to an increased risk of various thyroid diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the association between selenium and thyroid disease.
  • To explore the role of selenium in thyroid hormone metabolism and homeostasis.
  • To provide insights into the clinical management of selenium in thyroid disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical studies and scientific articles.
  • Analysis of the role of selenoproteins in thyroid function.
  • Examination of selenium's impact on different thyroid conditions.

Main Results:

  • Selenium treatment in Graves' orbitopathy may delay progression and improve quality of life.
  • Selenium supplementation in Hashimoto's thyroiditis is linked to reduced anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies and improved thyroid structure.
  • Selenium exhibits variable anticancer activity in thyroid cancer, requiring further clinical validation.

Conclusions:

  • Selenium plays a significant role in thyroid health and disease management.
  • Further clinical evidence is needed to establish the definitive clinical significance of selenium in thyroid disorders.
  • This review offers new perspectives for incorporating selenium into thyroid disease management strategies.