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Morphofunctional Properties of Spindle-Shaped Platelets.

M S Makarov1

  • 1N. V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Medicine, Health Department of Moscow, Moscow, Russia. mcsimmc@yandex.ru.

Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
|April 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spindle-shaped platelets, identified via vital staining, emerge during plasma storage and in patients with severe trauma or poisoning. Their presence may indicate platelet quality and cellular changes.

Keywords:
granulesmembrane integrityspindle-shaped plateletsstorage

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Platelets are crucial for hemostasis.
  • Morphological changes in platelets can indicate cellular stress or dysfunction.
  • Vital staining offers a method to observe platelet morphology and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the morphofunctional properties of spindle-shaped platelets.
  • To determine the conditions under which spindle-shaped platelets appear.
  • To assess the potential of spindle-shaped platelets as indicators of platelet quality and pathological states.

Main Methods:

  • Vital staining technique for observing platelet morphology.
  • Blood and plasma sample preparation using differential centrifugation.
  • Analysis of platelet granule content and adhesion properties.
  • Microscopic examination of platelet membrane structure during storage.

Main Results:

  • Spindle-shaped platelets were absent in freshly isolated donor blood and plasma centrifuged at low speeds (300g).
  • Small amounts of spindle-shaped platelets appeared in 20% of samples after centrifugation at 3000g.
  • Spindle-shaped platelets increased significantly (≥30%) after 3 days of plasma storage at 20-22°C.
  • These platelets exhibited reduced granulation, lacked active adhesion, and showed membrane abnormalities after prolonged storage.
  • Spindle-shaped platelets were detected in patients with acute exogenous poisoning and severe thermal trauma.

Conclusions:

  • Spindle-shaped platelet formation is associated with plasma storage conditions and centrifugation forces.
  • The presence of spindle-shaped platelets correlates with cellular stress and potential platelet dysfunction.
  • Spindle-shaped platelets can serve as an additional biomarker for assessing platelet population quality and in specific pathological conditions.