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Related Concept Videos

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and cellular responses. No two cell types express the same repertoire of signaling components. Receptors are highly selective for their cognate ligands, but once activated, they can alter multiple cellular processes such as DNA transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolic activity. 
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 2, 2025

Stimulation of Stem Cell Niches and Tissue Regeneration in Mouse Skin by Switchable Protoporphyrin IX-Dependent Photogeneration of Reactive Oxygen Species In Situ
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Low-Intensity Visible and Near-Infrared Light-Induced Cell Signaling Pathways in the Skin: A Comprehensive Review.

Augustin C Barolet1,2,3, Amelia M Villarreal4,5, Abdulhadi Jfri6,7,8

  • 1Clinical & Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Department of Medicine, CHU de Quebec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.

Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery
|April 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Skin photobiomodulation (PBM) uses light to trigger cell signaling pathways, enhancing skin repair. Understanding these mechanisms clarifies PBM

Keywords:
cytochrome C oxidaseion channelslightlight therapylow-level light therapymitochondriaopsinsphotobiomodulationphototherapyskin

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Biophotonics
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Skin acts as a primary defense against environmental factors like solar radiation.
  • Photobiomodulation (PBM) involves non-thermal cell signaling triggered by visible and infrared light.
  • Despite its long history, PBM's cellular mechanisms remain incompletely understood, hindering widespread acceptance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To consolidate current knowledge on established and proposed cell signaling pathways in skin PBM.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying light-skin interactions.
  • To summarize clinical applications and optimize PBM parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive literature review conducted across Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar.
  • Analysis of chromophores, primary, and secondary effectors in PBM.
  • Compilation of data on clinical indications and light parameters for skin PBM.

Main Results:

  • Skin cells absorb photons, initiating signaling cascades via primary and secondary effectors.
  • PBM enhances cell repair and survival, particularly in stressed or hypoxic conditions.
  • Visual representations of PBM signaling pathways are provided.

Conclusions:

  • A deeper understanding of PBM mechanisms is crucial for optimizing existing treatments.
  • Further research can unlock novel therapeutic applications for skin conditions.
  • PBM shows promise for both local and systemic skin treatments.