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Integrated Surface Modulation of Ultrahigh Ni Cathode Materials for Improved Battery Performance
Mu-Yao Qi1,2, Si-Dong Zhang1,2, Sijie Guo1,2
1CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
Surface modification stabilizes high-nickel cathodes for advanced lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Integrating a nanocoating and doping enhances structural integrity and electrochemical performance, crucial for next-generation energy storage.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Energy Storage
Background:
- Ni-rich layered cathodes (≥90% Ni) are key for high-energy Li-ion batteries (LIBs).
- These materials suffer from structural degradation and side reactions, limiting their cycle life.
- Stability issues hinder the practical application of ultrahigh nickel content cathodes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To enhance the stability of Ni-rich layered cathodes through integrated surface modulation.
- To investigate the effects of nanocoating and gradient lattice doping on cathode performance.
- To improve capacity retention and rate capability for next-generation LIBs.
Main Methods:
- Developed a wet-chemistry process to deposit ZrO(OH)2 nanoshells on Ni0.905 Co0.095 (OH)2 precursors.
- Utilized high-temperature lithiation to create Zr-doped cathode materials with Li2 ZrO3 surface nanoparticles.
- Analyzed the reconstructed surface lattice structure and its impact on electrochemical properties.
Main Results:
- Achieved enhanced structural integrity by suppressing phase degradation and crack formation.
- Observed favorable surface lattice reconstruction, including Li+ deficiency and Ni3+ reduction.
- Demonstrated extraordinary capacity retention (96.6% after 100 cycles at 1 C) and excellent rate capability (148.8 mA h g-1 at 10 C).
Conclusions:
- Integrated surface modulation, combining nanocoating and gradient doping, is critical for stabilizing high-nickel cathode materials.
- The developed method effectively balances surface stabilization and charge transfer for improved LIB performance.
- This approach offers a promising strategy for developing stable and high-performance cathodes for future energy storage applications.
