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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

92
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
92
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

3.7K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
3.7K
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

4.1K
The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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Methylation clocks for evaluation of anti-aging interventions.

Aging·2025
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Biological Clocks: Why We Need Them, Why We Cannot Trust Them, How They Might Be Improved.

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A laboratory and simulation platform to integrate individual life history traits and population dynamics.

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A Clinical Trial Using Methylation Age to Evaluate Current Antiaging Practices.

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Combining Life Extension Treatments: A Proposal for High-Throughput Testing in Rodents.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 1, 2025

Surveying Low-Cost Methods to Measure Lifespan and Healthspan in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Surveying Low-Cost Methods to Measure Lifespan and Healthspan in Caenorhabditis elegans

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How does the body know how old it is?

Josh Mitteldorf1

  • 1Ronin Institute, 654 Carpenter Ln, Philadelphia, PA 19119, United States of America.

Experimental Gerontology
|April 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Aging may be an evolved epigenetic adaptation, challenging neoDarwinism. Understanding its multiple timekeepers could unlock new rejuvenation therapies by targeting age-related signaling pathways.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Gerontology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • NeoDarwinism historically viewed aging as non-adaptive.
  • Emerging evidence suggests aging has an adaptive signature.
  • Evolutionary theories now accommodate community-beneficial adaptations with individual costs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate aging as a potential evolved adaptation.
  • To explore the implications of epigenetic aging for rejuvenation.
  • To propose a model for aging control mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of evolutionary theory and epigenetic research.
  • Analysis of methylation clocks and aging mechanisms.
  • Hypothesizing a multi-timekeeper model for aging.
Keywords:
Evolution of agingHypothalamusMethylationPlasmapheresisProgrammed agingSuprachiasmatic nucleus

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Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells
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Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells

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Surveying Low-Cost Methods to Measure Lifespan and Healthspan in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Main Results:

  • Aging shows characteristics of an evolved adaptation.
  • Epigenetic aging provides a framework for rejuvenation strategies.
  • Multiple independent timekeepers likely regulate aging.

Conclusions:

  • Aging can be conceptualized as an epigenetic program.
  • Targeting age-related signaling offers a promising rejuvenation approach.
  • Understanding aging timekeepers may explain rejuvenation successes.