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Identification of biomarkers in diabetic nails by Raman spectroscopy
Juscélia Maria de Moura Feitosa Veras1, Lennara de Siqueira Coelho1, Lázaro Pinto Medeiros Neto2
1Universidade Brasil, São Paulo - São Paulo, Brazil.
Summary
Nail quality changes can indicate complications from Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Raman confocal spectroscopy identified biochemical markers in diabetic fingernails, offering a new method for early detection of DM complications.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Spectroscopy
- Materials Science
Background:
- Diabetes Mellitus (DM) poses a significant global health challenge, particularly in developing nations.
- Hyperglycemia in DM leads to progressive tissue damage, necessitating early diagnosis and monitoring.
- Nail plate quality shows promise for assessing DM-related secondary complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the biochemical characteristics of fingernails in individuals with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2).
- To explore the utility of Raman confocal spectroscopy (CRS) for analyzing nail biochemical changes in DM2.
Main Methods:
- Fingernail fragments were collected from 30 healthy volunteers and 30 DM2 patients.
- Samples were analyzed using Raman confocal spectroscopy (CRS) with a 785 nm laser.
Main Results:
- Significant alterations were observed in nail proteins, lipids, amino acids, and advanced glycation end-products.
- Changes in disulfide bridges, crucial for keratin stabilization in nails, were identified in DM2 patients.
Conclusions:
- Novel DM2 biomarkers were identified in nail spectral signatures.
- CRS analysis of nails provides a simple, accessible method for rapid detection of diabetic health complications.
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