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Structural Analysis of Bacillus subtilis Sigma Factors
Katherine M Collins1, Nicola J Evans1, James H Torpey1
1Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, UK.
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Bacteria use an array of sigma factors to regulate gene expression during different stages of their life cycles. Full-length, atomic-level structures of sigma factors have been challenging to obtain experimentally as a result of their many regions of intrinsic disorder. AlphaFold has now supplied plausible full-length models for most sigma factors. Here we discuss the current understanding of the structures and functions of sigma factors in the model organism, Bacillus subtilis, and present an X-ray crystal structure of a region of B. subtilis SigE, a sigma factor that plays a critical role in the developmental process of spore formation.
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